Illustrated with relevant historical details the psychoanalytic process between Dora and Freud is described: the begin situation and the developing misunderstanding, ending by the sudden departure of Dora. The reason for this failure is discussed in terms of transference and countertransference. The preoedipal elements in Dora's hysteria— left aside by Freud— are considered essential for diagnosis and assessment. The course of Dora's later life illustrates that her unconscious conflicts were her destiny, not her anatomy.