Subject of this paper is the task of the psychiatrist in the rehabilitation of adult delinquents. After a short consideration of the developmeta of co-operation between psychiatrist and rehabilitation services, the various contributions of the psychiatrist in the rehabilitation-unit are discussed. The main point in the paper is, that the psychiatrist should be a member of the team fust as the probationoff icers and, if possible, the psychologist. 1f necessary the psychiatrist has contacts with the delinquents. The nature of these contacts can be either diagnostic or supervising or coaching. Psychotherapy in the narrower sense of the word is done by psychotherapists who have no further relation with the rehabilitationunit or the courts. Finally several comments are made on the situation of the probation and af tercare services in the Netherlands and the problems which exist in these services.