Theoretical backgrounds and experience with assessment of medical competence are described. Law and regulation for medical training in the Netherlands as well as assessment of medical competence can be used to supervise and improve the quality of training for psychiatrists.

Medical competence for psychiatrists needs further definition before adequate assessment can be developed. Different methods of assessment are possible: continuous testing, training assessment, certification, registration assessment. Using a written form of continuous testing, the level of knowledge can be evaluated on a regular base. Assessment of skills and attitude is possible with the use of Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Results need to be made available for the individual trainee and the responsible training directors. Consequently, evaluation of the training program will become possible.