In 1974 the Leo Kanner Home has been founded in the Netherlands as a residential home for the treatment of adolescent boys and girls who are not mentally retarded. In this study we report on the outcome of our residential care obtained up to date. For that purpose we compare the 25 in-patients treated with the 12 autistic children who have not been admitted, using the pretest-posttest controlgroup design. The development of the autistic children is investigated especially with the help of social intelligence tests. As to their gain in social intelligence the patients of the Leo Kanner Home show a remarkable improvement.