summary In the discussion on subspecialization a distinction should be made between profession and function. A logical categorization of sub-specializations in psychiatry is no simple matter. The consequences of subspecialization for psychiatry, the psychiatrist, the patient and (mental) health care are not beforehand positive. Following a broad, professional education a psychiatrist can be employed in a number of different functions. This is preferable to subspecialization. For each of those functions permanent training and experience are necessary to bring up and retain the required standard of qualification and competence.