Findings of an epidemiological study on chronic psychiatric patients in a relatively small health catchment area in the eastern part of the Netherlands are presented. The volume and the nature of this patient group is determined. Psychosocial functioning and need of care among these patients are described. They appeared to be strongly restricted in their psychological and social functioning. Results further show that this patient group is in need of rather more than less care. Regular mental health care facilities should be supplemented with a more specific day activity center and sheltered living accommodation.