The cases are described of two patients suffering from attacks of visual hallucinations accompanied by pronounced restlessness. In both patiens dysfunction of brain stem as well as cerebellum was present. The pathogenesis of this organic brain syndrome, known as peduncular hallucinosis, is not yet certain. A number of references postulate that the visual hallucinations accompanying this disorder could be either due to non-specific cortical exitation, as a result of a lesion in the brain stem. The pronounced restlessness in peduncular hallucinosis could be explained on the basis of a cerebellar dysfunction.